8085 Instructions: Opcode and Operands AND Instruction Word Size

SKYSPIN

8085 Instructions

An instruction of computer is a command given to the computer to perform a specified operation on given data. Some instructions of Intel 8085 microprocessor are: MOV, MVI, LDA, STA, ADD, SUB, RAL, INR, MVI, etc.

Opcode and Operands

Each instruction contains two parts: Opcode (Operation code) and Operand.
The 1st part of an instruction which specifies the task to be performed by the computer is called Opcode.
The 2nd part of the instruction is the data to be operated on, and it is called Operand. The Operand (or data) given in the instruction may be in various forms such as 8-bit or 16-bit data, 8-bit or 16-bit address, internal registers or a register or memory location.


Instruction Word Size

A digital computer understands instruction written in binary codes (machine codes). The binary codes of all instructions are not of the same length.
According to the word size, the Intel 8085 instructions are classified into the following three types:
  1. One byte instruction
  2. Two byte instruction
  3. Three byte instruction
1. One-byte instruction: Examples of one byte instructions are:
  • MOV A, B - Move the content of the register B to register A.
  • ADD B ? Add the content of register B to the content of the accumulator.
All the above two examples are only one byte long. All one-byte instructions contain information regarding operands in the opcode itself.
2. Two-byte instruction: In a two byte instruction the first byte of the instruction is its opcode and the second byte is either data or address.
Example:
           MVI B, 05; 05 moved to register B.
           06, 05; MVI B, 05 is in the code form.
The first byte 06 is the opcode for MVI B and second byte 05 is the data which is to be moved to register B.
3. Three-byte instruction: The first byte of the instruction is its opcode and the second and third bytes are either 16-bit data or 16-bit address.
Example:
           LXI H, 2400H; Load H-L Pair with 2400H
           21, 00, 24; LXI H, 2400H in the code form
The first byte 21 is the opcode for the instruction LXI H. The second 00 is 8 LSBs of the data (2400H), which is loaded into register L. The third byte 24 is 8 MSBs of the data (2400H), which is loaded into register H.

Post a Comment

0 Comments